Unique persistent identifier for a person, provided by the Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) organisation.
An agent responsible for making an entity.
The identifier notation is specified without a URL-prefix, or a `orcid:` prefix.
State that the subject is an instance of a particular schema class. Typically, no explicit value needs to be assigned to this slot, because it matches the class type of a particular record. However, this slots can be used as a type designator of a schema element for validation and schema structure handling purposes. This is used to indicate specialized schema classes for properties that accept a hierarchy of classes as their range.
An award, prize, or other honor received in recognition of an achievement.
A list of terms from different schemas or terminology systems that have close meaning.
Two alternate entities present aspects of the same thing. These aspects may be the same or different, and the alternate entities may or may not overlap in time.
A list of terms from different schemas or terminology systems that have narrower meaning.
Qualifies relationships between a subject `Thing` and an object `Thing` with a `Statement` declaring a `predicate` on the nature of the relationship.
Label that can be shown when the metadata record is displayed as an item.
Declares an unqualified relation of the subject `Thing` to another `Thing`. This schema slot is used to define related things inline. If such a definition is not needed. A qualified relationship can be declared directly using the `characterized_by` slot.
A revision is a derivation for which the resulting entity is a revised version of some original. The implication here is that the resulting entity contains substantial content from the original. Revision is a particular case of derivation.
An entity that is a specialization of another shares all aspects of the latter, and additionally presents more specific aspects of the same thing as the latter. In particular, the lifetime of the entity being specialized contains that of any specialization. Examples of aspects include a time period, an abstraction, and a context associated with the entity.
A quotation is the repeat of (some or all of) an entity, such as text or image, by someone who may or may not be its original author. Quotation is a particular case of derivation.
A list of terms from different schemas or terminology systems that have broader meaning.
Declares a relation that associates a `Thing` (or another attribute) with an attribute, where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic, such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier). Technically, this declaration is done via an `AttributeSpecification` that combines a `predicate` with a value declaration and the attribute-related slots of a `Thing`. Importantly, such attributes are declared inline, because they do not have a unique identifier. If an identifier is available, a `Thing` declaration (see `relation`), and a qualification of that relationship via a `Statement` (see `characterized_by`) should be preferred.
Invalidation is the start of the destruction, cessation, or expiry of an existing entity by an activity. The entity is no longer available for use (or further invalidation) after invalidation. Any generation or usage of an entity precedes its invalidation.
Persistent and globally unique identifier of a `Thing`.
A entity from which the subject was created through some kind of process. Derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity.
Identification of the process that led to the production of the subject entity. Generation is the completion of production of a new entity by an activity. This entity did not exist before generation and becomes available for usage after this generation.
Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent.
A list of terms from different schemas or terminology systems that have identical meaning.
Note that can be shown when the record is displayed as an item. This is typically longer than a label.
A summarily description of the subject. It is closely related to a `name`, but often less compact and more descriptive. Typically used for documents.
An unambiguous reference to the subject within a given context.
A relation of an information artifact to the subject, such as a URL identifying the topic of a document.
A record of properties of the metadata record on a subject, a collection of tag/text tuples with the semantics of OWL Annotation.
A comment about a metadata record either providing additional information for a record curation, or leaving a comment after curation occurred. This can be used to include information that is deemed relevant, but could not be expressed in the provided fields.
A list of terms from different schemas or terminology systems that have related meaning.
Influence is the capacity of an entity, activity, or agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, generation, invalidation, communication, derivation, attribution, association, or delegation.
Influence is the capacity of an agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of a subject.
Start is when an activity is deemed to have been started by an entity, known as trigger. The activity did not exist before its start. Any usage, generation, or invalidation involving an activity follows the activity's start. A start may refer to a trigger entity that set off the activity, or to an activity, known as starter, that generated the trigger.
End is when an activity is deemed to have been ended by an entity, known as trigger. The activity no longer exists after its end. Any usage, generation, or invalidation involving an activity precedes the activity's end. An end may refer to a trigger entity that terminated the activity, or to an activity, known as ender that generated the trigger.
Describes the function of an entity or agent (object) within the scope of a relationship with the subject.
Reference to a `Thing` within a `Statement`.
A process where multiple agents compete for a resource, such as funding, recognition, or participation.
Communication is the exchange of an entity by two activities, one activity using the entity generated by the other.
An activity association is an assignment of responsibility to an agent for an activity, indicating that the agent had a role in the activity. It further allows for a plan to be specified, which is the plan intended by the agent to achieve some goals in the context of this activity.
Usage is the beginning of utilizing an entity by an activity. Before usage, the activity had not begun to utilize this entity and could not have been affected by the entity.
The conclusion of the competition, typically the point of decision-making, or announcement of the winners.
The date by which an application, for example a job application, a fellowship application or a grant application, has to be submitted if it is to be considered for acceptance or funding.
An information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. This is a conceptual entity. A single data item might be available in more than one representation, with differing formats, and serializations.
Declares that the value of a `Thing` or `AttributeSpecification` are instances of a particular class.
A unit of measurement is a standardized quantity of a physical quality.
The entity that the subject is a part of. A core relation that holds between a part and its whole.
Indicate a resource defining the subject. This may be a vocabulary that describes the subject.
Value that is a direct representation of a thing.
A conceptual entity representing things which a, broadly conceived, "documents. This includes non-textual things like images. A conceputal document is to be distinguished from its physical, or electronic distributions.
Permissions, prohibitions, obligations or other rights/policies associated with the resource. This could refer to a standard license, a custom usage agreement, or a codified policy.
The type of this document, e.g. journal article, book, webpage
A specific representation of a data item, which may come in the form of an electronic file, or an archive or (also) a directory comprising many files.
The checksum property provides a mechanism that can be used to verify that the contents of a file or package have not changed.
An established standard to which the subject conforms.
The resource that the subject is a distribution of.
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
The media type of a distribution as defined by IANA
Influence of an objective on the subject.
A resource that is the output of a publishing process.
A descriptive identifier that the publication within the venue it was published at. For a journal article, this would be a volume and/or page range. Format according to the conventions of the publication venue.
The type of this publication, e.g. journal article, book, webpage
The date when a publication became available at the publication venue.
A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary.
A subject is an entity being investigated in a study. This is a contextual entity. One and the same individual can be different subjects in two different studies.
The study in which, for example, a subject was investigated.
A classifier that identifies the nature/type of a subject. For specimen (a subject derived/taken from another subject), this classifier should be more precise than the classifier of the source subject.
ActivitiyInfluence is the capacity of an activity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of generation, invalidation, communication, or other.
An activity is something that occurs over a period of time and acts upon or with entities; it may include consuming, processing, transforming, modifying, relocating, using, or generating entities.
AgentInfluence is the capacity of an agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of attribution, association, delegation, or other.
Something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity.
Delegation is the assignment of authority and responsibility to an agent (by itself or by another agent) to carry out a specific activity as a delegate or representative, while the agent it acts on behalf of retains some responsibility for the outcome of the delegated work. For example, a student acted on behalf of his supervisor, who acted on behalf of the department chair, who acted on behalf of the university; all those agents are responsible in some way for the activity that took place but we do not say explicitly who bears responsibility and to what degree.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI; ISO 26324), an identifier system governed by the DOI Foundation, where individual identifiers are issued by one of several registration agencies.
The identifier notation is specified without a URL-prefix, or a `doi:` prefix.
EntityInfluence is the capacity of an entity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, derivation, or other.
A physical, digital, conceptual, or other kind of thing with some fixed aspects; entities may be real or imaginary.
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN).
The identifier notation is specified without any prefix.
The PROV data model is implicitly based on a notion of instantaneous events (or just events), that mark transitions in the world. Events include generation, usage, or invalidation of entities, as well as starting or ending of activities. This notion of event is not first-class in the data model, but it is useful for explaining its other concepts and its semantics
Associate the subject with a location. This can be a geographic place, or another uniquely identified object.
Time at which an instanteneous event takes place or took place.
A thing that enables an agent to perform an action. This is typically a device (e.g., a machine to perform a particular type of measurement), but it can also be a questionnaire that is used to perform a particular kind of assessment. An instrument is typically not a "reagent".
Name of the subject. A name is closely related to a `title`, but often more compact and identifier-like, but without the implication of uniqueness of an identifier. A name is often used by technical systems to display an item in an organizational structure, such as a file in a directory hierarchy.
Person agents are people, alive, dead, or fictional.
The honorific prefix(es) of the subject's name. For example, (academic/formal) titles like "Mrs", or "Dr", "Dame".
The honorific suffix(es) of the subject's name. For example, generation labels ("III"), or indicators of an academic degree, a profession, or a position ("MD", "BA").
A formatted text corresponding to the name of the subject.
The (inherited) family name of the subject. In many Western languages this is the "last name".
The given (non-inherited) name of the subject.
Additional name(s) associated with the subject, such as one or more middle names.
A collective endeavour of some kind. Typically it is a planned process that is undertaken or attempted to meet some requirement, or to achieve a particular goal.
A shortened name for the subject. For example, an acronym, initialism, nickname, or other abbreviation of the `name`.
Timepoint at which the subject was (last) published.
A descriptive identifier that locates the publication within the publication venue. This can be a unique name, a numerical key, or another notation that uniquely identifies the subject within that context.
A subject is an entity being investigated in a study. This is a contextual entity. One and the same entity can be different subjects in two different studies.
Mix-in with the common interface of `Thing` and `AttributeSpecification`. This interface enables type specifications (`rdf:type`) for things and attributes via a `type` designator slot to indicate specialized schema classes for validation where a slot's `range` is too generic. A thing or attribute can be further describe with statements on qualified relations to other things (`characterized_by`), or inline attributes (`attributes`). A set of `mappings` slots enables the alignment for arbitrary external schemas and terminologies.
A `Thing` that is a value of some kind. This class can be used to describe an outcome of a measurement, a factual value or constant, or other qualitative or quantitative information with an associated identifier. If no identifier is available, an `AttributeSpecification` can be used within the context of an associated `Thing` (`attributes`).
Mix-in for a (structured) value specification. Two slots are provided to define a (literal) value (`value`) and its type (`range`).
A role is the function of an agent with respect to a subject, in the context of an attribution.
Type of a competitions, e.g., call for proposals, horse race, job opening.
A grant, typically financial or otherwise quantifiable, resources.
The type of this instrument, e.g. microscope, software, chainsaw
A short informal, invented given name for a person or thing used instead of the actual name of the person or thing.
An image, or photograph information, or other visualization that annotates some aspect of the subject (e.g., a digital image of a portrait of a person).
"Place" of a publication, e.g., a journal, a website, an edited collection.
The type of this publication venue, e.g. journal article, book, webpage
A planned process that consists of parts: planning, study design execution, documentation and which produce conclusion(s). An investigational endeavour that involves research, enabled by a project. The study relates to the scholarly and practical aspects of conducting the research itself, including the hypotheses being investigated, the data being gathered and analysed, the interpretations being drawn from the data, and the results obtained. In contrast, a project that enables it encompasses the administrative aspects of undertaking the endeavour, including the funding obtained, the people involved, and the management of the project in terms of deadlines and deliverables.
Factors that influence the subject matter.
A set of agreed, stipulated, or generally accepted standards, norms, social norms, or criteria, often taking the form of a custom.
A specific (physical) manifestation conceptual entity.
A social or legal institution such as a company, a society, or a university.
An organization that the subject is part of.
The exchange of an entity by two activities, one activity using the entity generated by the other. This implies a dependency of the subject activity on the associated activity.
An entity used by the subject, and produced by the associated activity.
An idea or notion; a unit of thought. In the context of a study, this can be a tag associated with a categorical, independent variable in a study design, an investigative role (e.g., treatments), or an organizational nature (e.g., site labels), or a dependent or outcome variable. `Concept` is related to `Topic`. However a concept is more focused and more clearly delineated in comparison.
A collection of data, published or curated by a single agent. This is a conceptual entity. A single dataset might be available in more than one representation, with differing schematic layouts, formats, and serializations.
Type of a subject (e.g., human study participant, soil sample, cell culture).
A Checksum is a value that allows to check the integrity of the contents of a file. Even small changes to the content of the file will change its checksum. This class allows the results of a variety of checksum and cryptographic message digest algorithms to be represented.
Identifies the software agent (algorithm) used to produce the subject `Checksum`.
Lower case hexadecimal encoded checksum digest value.
A collection of data (data items), published or curated by a single agent. This is a conceptual entity. A single dataset might be available in more than one representation, with differing schematic layouts, formats, and serializations.
An association class for attaching a `locator` as additional information to a `hasPart` relationship between two files.
An RDF property, a `Thing` used to define a `predicate`, for example in a `Statement`.
Type of a publication or document, e.g., journal article, book, or webpage.
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation.
A proposition that indicates a planned or anticipated outcome.
The subject depends on object in some way.
Topic a subject is about, e.g., a particular research question or domain
A specific representation of a data item in the form of an electronic file. The concept of a file here is aligned with the broad UNIX philoshopy of "everything is a file". An archive, a disk image, a directory are all valid instances of a file.
An activity association is an assignment of responsibility to an agent for an activity, indicating that the agent had a role in the activity.
Roles the entity had with respect to the derivation.
Permissions, prohibitions, obligations or other rights/policies. This can be a standard license, a custom usage agreement, or a codified policy.
Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent. When an entity e is attributed to agent ag, entity e was generated by some unspecified activity that in turn was associated to agent ag. Thus, this relation is useful when the activity is not known, or irrelevant.
Roles the agent had with respect to the entity.
A derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity.
Entities used for the derivation (e.g., instruments).
Activity that generated the derived entity.
Generation is the completion of production of a new entity by an activity. This entity did not exist before generation and becomes available for usage after this generation.
Timepoint when the generating activity happened.
Roles the activity had with respect to the generation.
Location where the generating activity took place.
A tag/value pair with the semantics of OWL Annotation.
An attribute is conceptually a thing, but it requires no dedicated identifier (`pid`). Instead, it is linked to a `Thing` via its `attributes` slot and declares a `predicate` on the nature of the relationship.
Reference to a `Property` within a `Statement`.
An identifier is a label that uniquely identifies an item in a particular context. Some identifiers are globally unique. All identifiers are unique within their individual scope.
String of characters such as "T58:5" or "30:4833" used to uniquely identify a concept within the scope of a given concept scheme.
An RDF statement that links a `predicate` (a `Property`) with an `object` (a `Thing`) to the subject to form a triple. A `Statement` is used to qualify a relation to a `Thing` referenced by its identifier. For specifying a qualified relation to an attribute that has no dedicated identifier, use an `AttributeSpecification`.
The most basic, identifiable item. In addition to the slots that are common between a `Thing` and an `AttributeSpecification` (see `ThingMixin`), two additional slots are provided. The `pid` slot takes the required identifier for a `Thing`. The `relation` slot allows for the inline specification of other `Thing` instances. Such a relation is unqualified (and symmetric), and should be further characterized via a `Statement` (see `characterized_by`). From a schema perspective, the `relation` slots allows for building self-contained, structured documents (e.g., a JSON object) with arbitrarily complex information on a `Thing`.